Waterproofing construction for walls



April 4, 1939. E, J. WALSH 2,153,288

' WATERPROOFING CONSTRUCTION FOR WALLS Filed Aug. 30, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 s-II fr Ag' 4 I h l i 5 April 4, 1939. E; WALSH 2,153,288

Filed Aug. 30, 1958 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ys "was l af ,gjsffr 7j? my Patented Apr. 4, 19;'59v

PATENT OFFICE WATERPROOFING CONSTRUCTION FOR WALLS Edwards. Walsh, Peekskill, N. Y.

Application August 30, 1938, Serial No. 227,574

1o claims. (o1. 72b-12v) 'Ihis invention relates to an improved method of waterproong walls and also to wall ties or anchors for bonding face brick to back-up walls of tile or other block construction. In my United 5 States Patent No. 2,085,618 I have disclosed a wall structure including a waterproof sheetingl interposed between inner and outer Walls to seal same. The instant invention is designed with the primary object in view of providing eiicient l and inexpensive wall tie structure for such walls especially adapted for use with said sheeting to establish a rm bond between the walls without destroying the efficiency of the sheeting and further providing for drainage of moisture acl l cumulating or forming in the walls.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

For a complete understanding of my invention, reference is to be had tothe following description and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view showing 2 5 a wall equipped with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary transverse sectional View showing the present invention located in a portion of the wall whichis arranged above the roof for sealing that portion of the wall.

$0 Figure 3 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view illustrating the sealing and anchoring of the wall where a spandrel beam intersects with the wall construction.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view showing how the present invention ties in the mortar joints 'betweengthe units of the wall and thereby aid in tying the units in their assembled position.

Figure 5 is a plan view illustrating one of the sealing strips with the tie elements connected thereto, some of which are constructed for carrying off water from within the wall to the outer face of the wall.

' Figure 6 is a plan view illustrating another of the waterproofing strips with its tie elements,

some of which are constructed to act as drains.

Figure 7 is a sealing strip primarily employed in a wall where the latter rests upon a foundation.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional view taken on line 60 8 8 of Figure 5.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional view showing where companion waterproofing strips overlap with each other to eiect a seal therebetween.

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on line 65 III-vll! of Figure 6.

Figure 11 is a perspective View illustrating one of the ties.

Figure 12 is a perspective view of 'one of the ties which is constructed to provide a drain.

Figure 13 is a fragmentary vertical sectional 5 view 'of the type of the tie shown in Figure 12 with an absorbent wick therein.

Figure 14 is a sectional view taken on line lll-I4 of Figure 7.

It is to be understood that the present inven- 10 tion is adaptable to various wall constructions wherein the walls are composed of units joined by mortar and are of the character set forth in my U. S. Letters Patent heretofore referred to and employing therein waterproof sheets 5a that 15 are not sealed. Walls of this character frequently permit the passing of water from the outside to the inside by way of the mortar joints and through the employment of the present invention and the waterproof sheets 5a, such walls 20 will be rendered absolutely waterproof in that it is impossible for the water to pass from the outer face of the wall through the latter to the inner face and any water which may work itself into the Wall will be drained ofi' to the outer face of 25 the wall and besides effectively sealing the wall the present invention effectively ties the units into wallformation.

To give a clear understanding of the present invention I have elected to show the application 30 thereof to a Wall composed of tiers of bricks wherein the various joints between the bricks are made by mortar. By referring to Figure 1, it will be seen that the wall is composed of an outer tier of bricks, an intermediate tier of bricks and 35 an inner tier of bricks with the usual header bricks and the like arranged in the tiers, the present invention with the waterproof sheets 5a `being designed to effectively seal the Wall where the header bricks and similar units occur in the o wall. Of course, the wall construction is Well known in the building art and a detail description thereof is not thought necessary. Further, it is to be understood that the present invention is readily adaptable to walls other than the type 45 shown in the drawings such as frame buildings provided with brick veneer, cavity wall construction, etc. When assembling or constructing the wall or the laying of the bricks to form the wall, the present invention is also laid into proper place along with the Waterproof sheets 5a and becomes embedded in the mortar so that it is impossible for the present invention to shift in the wall or the parts to become separated besides effectively tying the tiers of bricks together in such a way that the construction of the wall will be much more durable and less apt to crack and thereby deteriorate.

The present invention is primarily composed of sealing strips 5, 6, 1 and 8 all constructed of metallic water-proof material. The waterproofing strips heretofore referred to are of selected lengths and widths and of thicknesses that will permit the easy handling and assembling of the strips in the wall during the construction thereof. The strips 5, 6 and 1 adjacent their ends are provided with grooves 8 which are pressed into the material also forming beads 9. The beads 9 of one strip are adapted to t in the grooves 8 where strips 5, 6 and 1 overlap each other to effectively seal the strips together, as shown in Figure 9, consequently preventing water seeping between the strips and sheets where they join or overlap each other.

The strip 5 has secured to opposite faces thereof anchoring elements I each having a series of perforations I I through which the mortar may extend for tying the anchoring strips in place, consequently securing the strip in place between the bricks forming the various tiers in the wall construction. The anchoring strips I0 extend at right angles to the side faces of the strip 5 and are riveted or otherwise secured on said faces of the strip 5 and it is preferable that the strips Ill have end portions bent at right angles, as shown at I2, to contact the opposite side faces of the strip and be secured thereon, as shown in Figure 8. It is preferable that the anchoring strips I0 be constructed of copper so as to prolong life of the invention in the wall.

Certain of the anchoring strips at one side of the strip 5, and indicated by the character A, are offset to provide inverted trough portions I3 extending substantially the full length of `the anchoring strips and have located therein wicks I4. A very clear showing of this type of anchoring strips is made in Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings. In assembling the waterproofing strip 5 in the wall with waterproof sheets 5a the anchoring strips which include the trough por- .tions and the wicks will extend towards the outer face of the wall. 'I'he anchoring strips composed of the trough portions and wicks act as drains for carrying off any water which may work its way into the wall to the oruter iace of the wall. It is preferable that the outer ends of the troughlike portions A be provided with end' flanges I5, the purpose of which is to prevent water from the outer face of the wall from beating into the trough-like portions in driving or heavy rain hitting directly against the outer face of the wall which might tend to work its way into the troughlike portions and through the use of the anges I5 this water will be checked. In assembling the waterproofing strips 5 in the wall, it is preferable that they be located between the outer and intermediate tiers of bricks, as clearly shown in the drawings, with the strips overlapping the waterproof sheets 5a above and thereunder, as will be apparent from Figure 2. Also, this type of waterproofing strip may be successfully employed between the ,inner tier of bricks and the intermediate tier of bricks 'when the inner wall is exposed to the weather such as in the type of wall construction that projects above the roof and as shown in Figure 2. Coacting with the strip 5 in this type of wall is the waterproofing strip 8 which is of substantially U-shape or channel shape so as to be arranged in the joints between the outer, intermediate and inner tiers and overlying the uppermost bricks of the intermediate tier and directly under the wall cap I6. The waterprooflng strip 8 overlaps the strip 5 as clearly shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2 a waterproofing strip I1 may be located so as `to extend between bricks of the inner tier and bricks of the intermediate tier and to extend between bricks of the inner tier and engage over a roof flashing I8 to better the seal between a roof and the wall. It is to be understood that the waterproofing strip I1 includes several angularly related portions and has an overlapping relation to the strip 5 adjacent thereto. Thus it will be seen that any Water striking the inner tier of bricks will be caught if working its way between the bricks and redirected to the outer face of the inner tier, directly over the flashing I8.

In wall construction, it is common to employ therein between a certain number of bricks of a tier, headers indicated by the character B and where the headers occur waterproofing strips 6 are employed which'include portions I9, 20 and 2|. The portions I9 and 2| extend at right angles to the portion 20 and in opposite directions to each other and secured to the upper and lower faces of the portion 20 are oppositely extending anchoring strips 22 constructed similar to the anchoring strips I0 and some of which are provided with the drain troughs I3 and wicks I4, as clearly shown in Figure 6. y

When the waterproong strip 6 is employed in conjunction with the header bricks B it has overlapping relation with the waterproofing sheets 5a arranged above and below thereof as will be seen in Figure 1. Where a oor ties into the wall, as shown at 23, through the use of an I beam 24 it is preferable that the sealing waterproong strip be employed.

In Wall construction of the type illustrated in the drawings, frequently there is employed in the outer tier of bricks and which extend into the inner tier of bricks, brick units C topped by header bricks B and rest directly on the foundation and to eiect a seal about the units C the waterproong strip 1 is employed which includes angularly related vportions 25 and 26, the portion 26 being disposed vertically in the wall and the portion 25 horizontally and on the latter-named portion certain of the anchoring strips are constructed with the troughs and wicks, while the others are simply of the straight perforated type indicated by the character I0 and secured to the Yvertical portion 26 and extending in an opposite direction. It is to be understood that the waterproofing strip 1 has overlapping relation with the waterproofing sheet 5a. directly thereabove,

as clearly shown in Figure 1.

When a wall has been equipped with the water- 'proong strips and sheets 5a of the character describedin detail and located in the wall construction,-as clearly shown in the drawings and as specifically described the entire wall from its upper end to its foundation or lower end will be sealed against passing of water through the wall from the outer face to the inner face and any water which may seep in through the wall will be drained downwardly and outwardly through the outer face of the wall. Further, it is to be understood that the present invention can be successfully employed in wall construction wherein facing bricks are employed with a back-up construction of various kinds known inl the building trade. i

It is vbelieved that the foregoing description,

when taken in connection with the drawings will fully set forth the construction and advantages of this invention to those skilled in the art to which such a device relates so that further detailed description will not be required.

What is claimed is:

1. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing units and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having waterproof sheets arranged therein, waterproofing strips arranged in the mortar between the facing units and back-up wall construction and having overlapping relation and anchoring means secured on the waterproofing strips and embedded in the mortar to secure the waterproofing strips in place and aid in tying the units and back-up wall construction together.

2. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing units and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having waterproof sheets arranged therein, waterproofing strips arranged in the mortar between the facing units and back-up wall construction and having voverlapping relation with the waterproof sheets, and perforated anchoring strips secured on the waterproofing strips and embedded in the mortar tosecure the waterproofing strips inplace and aid in tying the units and back-up Wall construction together.

3. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing units and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having waterproof sheets arranged therein, waterproofing strips arranged in the mortar between the 'facing units and back-up wall construction and having overlapping relation with the waterproof'sheets, and perforated anchoring strips secured on the waterproofing strips and embedded in the mortar to secure the waterproofing strips in place and aid in tying the units and back-up wall construction together, certain of said anchoring strips extending towards the outer face of the wall having inverted trough-like portions opening outwardly through the outer face of the wall for draining Water which may seep into the wall out of the latter at the outer face.

4. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing units and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having Waterproof sheets arranged therein, waterproofing strips arranged in the motar between the facing units and back-up wall construction and having overlapping relation with the Waterproof sheets, perforated anchoring strips secured on the Waterproofing strips and embedded in the mortar to secure the waterproofing strips in place and aid in tying the units and back-up wall construction together, certain of said anchoring strips extending toward the outer face of the wall and having inverted trough-like portions opening outwardly through the outer face of the Wall for draining water which may seep into the Wall out of the latter at the outer face, and wicks located in the trough-like portions.

5. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing units and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having waterproof sheets arranged therein, waterproofing strips arranged in the mortar between the facing units and back-up wall construction and having overlapping relation with the waterproof sheets, perforated anchoring strips secured on the waterproofing strips and-y embedded in the mortar to secure the waterproofing strips in place and aid in tying the units and back-up wall construcwith the waterproof sheets, y

tion together, certain of said anchoring strips extending toward the outer face of the wall having inverted trough-like portions opening outwardly through the outer face ofthe wall for draining water which may seep into the wall out of the latter at the outer face, wicks located in the troughlike portions to prevent water. from beating into the latter from the outer face of the wall.

6. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing units and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having waterproof sheets arranged theein and said facing bricks being'joined together by mortar, waterproofing strips arranged in the mortar between the facing bricks and the back-up wall construction and having overlapping relation to the waterproof sheets and certain of said strips including a vertical portion* and other of said strips including horizontal and vertical portions and other of said strips including horizontal and oppositely extending vertical portions, oppositely extending anchoring strips secured to certain of the waterproofing strips, anchoring strips secured on certain of the other waterproofing strips and located upon one side thereof, certain-of said anchoring strips including drain means for directing water from within the wall construction through the outer face of the wall.

'7. In a wall construction composed of an outer tier of facing U-bricks and a back-up wall construction therefor joined by mortar and having waterproof sheets arranged therein and said facing bricks being joined together by mortar, waterproofing strips arranged in the mortar between the facing bricks and the back-up wall construction and having overlapping relation with the waterproof sheets, and certain of said strips including a vertical portion and other of said strips including horizontal and oppositely extending vertical portions, oppositely extending anchoring strips secured to certain of the waterproofing strips, anchoring strips secured on certain of the other waterproofing strips and located upon one side thereof, certain of said anchoring strips including drain means for directing water from within the wall construction through-the outer face of the wall, all of said anchoring strips having perforations to permit the mortar to extend therethrough.

8. In combination with a wall construction composed of tiers of bricks and of a parapet construction and having waterproof sheets arranged therein, a plurality of waterproofing strips arranged in overlapping relation with the waterproof sheets and located between the bricks ofthe inner and outer tiers and certain of said strips including horizontal portions' to extend between bricks of adjacent tiers, anchoring means carried by said strips and extending horizontally and embedded in mortar between the bricks of certain of the tiers, anchoring means carried by the4 waterproof-lng strips and embedded in the mortar between adjacent tiers of bricks, and a waterproofing strip of channel construction to receive therein bricks of one of the tiers and having over lapping relation with certain of the waterproofing strips.

9. In combination with a 'wall construction composed of tiers of bricks and of a parapet construction and having waterproof sheets arranged therein, a plurality of waterproofing strips arranged in overlapping relation with the waterproof sheets and located between the bricks of the inner and outer tiers and certain of said strips including horizontal portions to extend between by said strips and extending horizontally and embedded in mortar between the bricks of certain of the tiers, and anchoring means carried by the waterproofing strips and embedded in the mortar `between adjacent tiers of bricks.

' arranged between bricks of certain tiers and in- "bricks of adjacent tiers, anchoring means carried cluding anchoring means extending in opposite directions and having overlapping relation with the waterproof sheets, a channel waterproong strip coacting with the first-named waterproong strips and receiving bricks of the intermediate tier, and a waterproofing strip coacting with the channel strip and including angularly related portions with one portion thereof extending between bricks of one of the tiers and overlapping a roof flashing.

l EDWARD J. WALSH. 

